Brayton Cycle Efficiency Calculator

Model Brayton performance using realistic operating inputs. See efficiency, temperatures, work split, and pressure effects. Use graphs, exports, formulas, examples, and plain guidance easily.

This calculator estimates ideal and actual Brayton cycle performance using pressure ratio, temperature limits, efficiencies, and working-fluid properties.

Calculator inputs

Enter thermodynamic inputs below to estimate efficiency, work, heat transfer, and power.

Responsive 3 / 2 / 1 input layout
Usually ambient temperature entering the compressor.
Maximum cycle temperature after heat addition.
Compressor discharge pressure divided by inlet pressure.
For air, a common approximation is 1.4.
Used to convert temperature rise into specific energy.
Higher values mean lower compressor work penalty.
Higher values mean more useful turbine work output.
This converts specific work into power output.
Used to display state pressures through the cycle.
Reset

Example data table

These sample cases show how changing pressure ratio, temperatures, and component efficiencies affects Brayton cycle performance.

Case T1 (K) T3 (K) rp γ cp (kJ/kg·K) ηc (%) ηt (%) ṁ (kg/s) Actual efficiency (%) Net work (kJ/kg) Power (kW)
Base gas turbine 300 1400 8 1.40 1.005 85 88 3.0 32.63 266.82 800.45
Moderate pressure rise 290 1300 10 1.40 1.005 82 86 2.5 30.81 210.83 527.09
Higher temperature limit 310 1500 12 1.38 1.020 87 90 4.0 37.97 325.34 1301.35

Formula used

1) Pressure exponent

n = (γ - 1) / γ

2) Ideal compressor outlet temperature

T2s = T1 × rpn

3) Actual compressor outlet temperature

T2 = T1 + (T2s - T1) / ηc

4) Ideal turbine outlet temperature

T4s = T3 / rpn

5) Actual turbine outlet temperature

T4 = T3 - ηt(T3 - T4s)

6) Work and heat terms

wc = cp(T2 - T1)

wt = cp(T3 - T4)

qin = cp(T3 - T2)

qout = cp(T4 - T1)

7) Thermal efficiency and power

ηth = (wt - wc) / qin × 100

Back work ratio = wc / wt × 100

Net power = ṁ × (wt - wc)

These equations assume constant specific heats and a simple Brayton cycle with constant-pressure heat addition and rejection.

How to use this calculator

  1. Enter the compressor inlet temperature in kelvin.
  2. Enter the turbine inlet temperature after heat addition.
  3. Provide the compressor pressure ratio.
  4. Set the working-fluid specific heat ratio and specific heat.
  5. Enter compressor and turbine isentropic efficiencies as percentages.
  6. Enter mass flow rate to estimate power output.
  7. Click Calculate Efficiency to display results above the form.
  8. Use the CSV and PDF buttons to export the result table.

Frequently asked questions

1) What does Brayton cycle efficiency mean?

It is the fraction of supplied heat converted into useful net work. A higher value means the gas turbine converts more thermal energy into mechanical output.

2) Why does pressure ratio affect efficiency?

Increasing pressure ratio usually raises ideal efficiency because it increases the compressor discharge temperature and reduces the relative heat rejection. Excessive ratios can reduce practical gains when component losses are included.

3) Why are ideal and actual results different?

Ideal calculations assume reversible compression and expansion. Actual machines have losses, so compressors need more work and turbines deliver less work, reducing real efficiency.

4) What is back work ratio?

Back work ratio is the compressor work divided by turbine work. It shows how much turbine output is consumed internally to drive the compressor.

5) Which units should I use?

Use kelvin for temperatures, kilopascals for pressure, kilograms per second for mass flow, and kilojoules per kilogram-kelvin for specific heat. Results then remain internally consistent.

6) Can I use this for real gas turbines?

Yes, for first-pass estimates. It is useful for preliminary sizing, learning, and comparison. Detailed design still needs variable properties, pressure losses, combustion details, and mechanical losses.

7) Why does efficiency drop when compressor efficiency falls?

A less efficient compressor raises the outlet temperature more than the ideal case. That increases compressor work and lowers the net work available from the cycle.

8) What is the optimum pressure ratio shown here?

It is the ideal pressure ratio that maximizes specific net work for the chosen minimum and maximum temperatures. It does not guarantee maximum real efficiency for every practical turbine setup.

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Important Note: All the Calculators listed in this site are for educational purpose only and we do not guarentee the accuracy of results. Please do consult with other sources as well.