Calculate compression wave properties from density and elasticity inputs. Review travel behavior, timing, and wavelength. Designed for engineering estimates, classroom practice, and field verification.
Use SI units: GPa for elastic moduli, kg/m³ for density, m for distance, and Hz for frequency.
Vp = √[(K + 4G/3) / ρ]
Use this when bulk modulus K, shear modulus G, and density ρ are known.
Vp = √[E(1 − ν) / (ρ(1 + ν)(1 − 2ν))]
Use this for isotropic elastic materials when E, ν, and ρ are available.
t = d / Vp
Travel time t equals path length d divided by P wave velocity Vp.
λ = Vp / f
Wavelength λ depends on wave velocity Vp and frequency f.
E = ρVp²(1 + ν)(1 − 2ν) / (1 − ν)
This estimate is useful for engineering screening when velocity, density, and Poisson’s ratio are known.
| Scenario | Inputs | Example Output |
|---|---|---|
| Concrete member | K = 16 GPa, G = 12 GPa, ρ = 2400 kg/m³ | Vp ≈ 3651.48 m/s |
| Elastic material check | E = 30 GPa, ν = 0.25, ρ = 2400 kg/m³ | Vp ≈ 3872.98 m/s |
| Travel time study | d = 250 m, Vp = 3500 m/s | t ≈ 0.07143 s |
| Wavelength estimate | Vp = 3500 m/s, f = 1000 Hz | λ = 3.5 m |
| Dynamic modulus estimate | Vp = 3500 m/s, ρ = 2400 kg/m³, ν = 0.25 | E ≈ 29.40 GPa |
A P wave is a compressional elastic wave. It moves particles back and forth in the travel direction and usually arrives before shear waves.
Use the mode that matches your available data. Elastic constants are best for material studies. Distance and velocity are best for arrival time checks.
Enter moduli in GPa, density in kg/m³, distance in meters, frequency in hertz, and velocity in meters per second for correct results.
Poisson’s ratio changes how volumetric and lateral strain interact. That directly influences compressional stiffness and therefore changes the predicted P wave velocity.
Yes. It is useful for engineering screening in concrete testing, geotechnical work, rock mechanics, and basic seismic travel calculations when isotropic assumptions are acceptable.
Acoustic impedance equals density times wave velocity. It helps compare transmission and reflection behavior when waves pass between different materials.
Check your units first. Entering MPa instead of GPa, or g/cm³ instead of kg/m³, will strongly distort the output.
No. This tool supports estimation and checking. Final engineering decisions should still rely on validated material data, calibrated testing, and project-specific standards.
Important Note: All the Calculators listed in this site are for educational purpose only and we do not guarentee the accuracy of results. Please do consult with other sources as well.